123: JESÚS, "HIJO DEL MANDAMIENTO"

^{(1373.4) 124:5.4} El primer día de la semana, el 20 de marzo del año 7, Jesús se graduó en los cursos de formación de la escuela local adscrita a la sinagoga de Nazaret. Era un gran día en la vida de cualquier familia judía con ambiciones, el día en el que se declaraba al primogénito como “hijo del mandamiento”[1] y el primogénito rescatado del Señor Dios de Israel, un “hijo del Altísimo”[2] y servidor del Señor de toda la tierra.

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[1] Dentro del rito judío, se consideran Benei Mitzvá (Bar Mitzvah para los varones, del hebreo: בר מצווה, "hijo de los mandamientos (las mitzvot)"; o Bat Mitzvah para las mujeres, del hebreo בת מצווה, "hija de los mandamientos (las mitzvot)") quienes han alcanzado la madurez personal y frente a su comunidad, la cual se ha fijado en 12 años para las niñas, aunque hay un lapso de transición de seis meses y un día en el cual la mujer es considerada naará, "joven mujer", hasta que pasa a ser llamada bogueret, "madura", y 13 años para los varones (12 años para los ortodoxos). A partir de este momento, los jóvenes pasan a ser considerados, según la halajá o ley judía, responsables de sus actos. (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benei_Mitzv%C3%A1)

[2] Sal 82,6.

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Bar Mitzvah literally translates as "son of commandment." The word "bar" means "son" in Aramaic, which was the commonly spoken vernacular language of the Jewish people (and much of the Middle East) from around 500 B.C.E. to 400 C.E. The word "mitzvah" is Hebrew for "commandment." The term "bar mitzvah" refers to two things:

• First, when a boy comes of age at 13-years-old he has become a "bar mitzvah" and is recognized by Jewish tradition as having the same rights as a full grown man. A boy who has become a Bar Mitzvah is now morally and ethically responsible for his decisions and actions
• The term "bar mitzvah" also refers to the religious ceremony that accompanies a boy becoming a Bar Mitzvah. Often a celebratory party will follow the ceremony and that party is also called a bar mitzvah.

It is important to note that the ceremony and celebration are not required by Jewish custom. Rather, a Jewish boy automatically becomes a Bar Mitzvah at 13-years-old. Although the specifics of the ceremony and party will vary widely depending on which movement (Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, etc.) the family is a member of below are the basics of a Bar Mitzvah.

The Ceremony

While a special religious service or ceremony is not required for a boy to become a Bar Mitzvah, over the centuries a greater and greater emphasis has been placed on the ceremony as a right of passage of sorts. The earliest observance marking this point in a boy's life was simply his first aliyah, where he would be called up to recite the Torah reading blessings at the first Torah service after his 13th birthday.

[http://judaism.about.com/od/lifeevents/a/whatisabarmitzvah.htm]

Ver también:  http://messianicfellowship.50webs.com/barmitzvah.html