En la traducción del Urantia Book al español, los términos “degeneracy” y “degenerate” se traducen equivocadamente y de forma literal por “degeneración” y “degenerado”. Estos términos sugieren, al leerlos, en español, demasiado a menudo, algo diferente a lo que se sugiere en el LU. En español, generalmente tener una connotación moral, muchas veces sexual (depravación), más que biológica o de deterioro racial, como se sugiere por lo común en el LU: unwise perpetuation of racially degenerate stocks which have tremendously retarded the progress of civilization. (1088)
upon the biologic disfellowshiping of your more markedly unfit, defective, degenerate, and antisocial stocks. (585)
Hay algunos casos en LU que se refiere a una degradación moral o depravación:
without perpetuating the socially unfit and the morally degenerate
strains of evolving humanity. (592)
A drunken degenerate was attacking a slave girl on the public highway. (1436)
Habría que buscar otros téminos que no evocaran esas connotaciones y tratar de buscar términos genéticos de uso comúm en el siglo XXI y no a comienzos del XX: empobrecimiento genético, en declive biológico, etc. [VER LA SIGUIENTE ENTRADA EN ESTE BLOG EN ESTE SENTIDO DONDE SE COMENTA UN ARTÍCULO]
Pero lo que me lleva a escribir este ensayo es la consideración de que “degenerate” no connleva “depravación moral” como se puede derivar de la traducción al español (degenerado), sino que es un concepto genético.
Veamos en primer lugar, las definiciones de diccionario en español (DEL) y en inglés (the Random House Webster's Unab. Dict), y luego la opinión de un lector avezado del libro de Urantia en inglés.
degeneración. (Del lat. degeneratĭo, -ōnis).
1. f. Acción y efecto de degenerar.
2. f. Biol. Deterioro estructural o funcional de células o tejidos.
3. f. Med. Pérdida progresiva de la normalidad psíquica y moral y de las reacciones nerviosas de un individuo a consecuencia de las enfermedades adquiridas o hereditarias.
Degenerar
degeneracy, n.
1. degenerate state or character.
2. the process of degenerating; decline.
3. degenerate behavior, esp. behavior considered sexually deviant.
degenerate
-v.i.
1. to fall below a normal or desirable level in physical, mental, or moral
qualities; deteriorate
-v.t.
5. to cause degeneration in; bring about a decline, deterioration, or
reversion in.
-adj.
6. having fallen below a normal or desirable level, esp. in physical or
moral qualities; deteriorated; degraded: a degenerate king.
7. having lost, or become impaired with respect to, the qualities proper to
the race or kind: a degenerate vine.8. characterized by or associated with degeneracy: degenerate times.
-n.
11. a person who has declined, as in morals or character, from a type or
standard considered normal.
12. a person or thing that reverts to an earlier stage of culture,
development, or evolution.
13. a sexual deviate.
De: ase
Enviado el: viernes 30 de enero de 1998 18:10
CC: ifc@ubfellowship.org
ASUNTO: DEGENERACY, DEGENERATE
Angel,
I cannot think of any place in the UB that degeneracy or degenerate refer
to sexual behavior explicitly. I think the general meaning of degeneracy is
#1 in your list, which is further defined by reference to the meaning of
degenerate. The usage of degeneracy (five places) is always in keeping with
the language of eugenics and refers to meaning #7 in your list for
degenerate.
The word degenerate is used 9 times in the UB as an adjective, modifying
races, stocks, classes, individuals, strains. This meaning is the
traditional eugenic meaning, equivalent to #7 in your list.
Degenerate is used once as a verb, with the meaning of #1. ("pity may
degenerate" 149:4.3)
Degenerate is used once as an adjective to modify "husband" with the
meaning of #6 in your list. ("degenerate husband" 162:3.5)
Degenerate is used once as a noun with the meaning of #11. "drunken
degenerate" in 130:5.4.
I don't know how to put this into Spanish to avoid the connotation of
sexual deviation. If you can access Spanish translations of early works on
eugenics on which the UB language (but not the teachings) is based, such as
the writings of Madison Grant and Henry Fairfield Osborn, you might see how
someone else dealt with the problem. Possibly a modern Spanish encyclopedia
article on eugenics (or an older one from the 1930's or 1940's) would
provide an indication.
Good to see someone is reading the book carefully.
...Dan
>----------
De: ase
Enviado el: viernes 30 de enero de 1998 17:00
Para: ifc@ubfellowship.org
Asunto: Degeneracy, degenerate
Dear members of the ifc list:
I would like to ask you about a string of terms you might have already
discussed or thought of many times: degeneracy (n), degenerate (adj., n.,
v.).
According to the Random House Webster's Unab. Dict.:
degeneracy, n.
1. degenerate state or character.
2. the process of degenerating; decline.
3. degenerate behavior, esp. behavior considered sexually deviant.
degenerate
-v.i.
1. to fall below a normal or desirable level in physical, mental, or moral
qualities; deteriorate
-v.t.
5. to cause degeneration in; bring about a decline, deterioration, or
reversion in.
-adj.
6. having fallen below a normal or desirable level, esp. in physical or
moral qualities; deteriorated; degraded: a degenerate king.
7. having lost, or become impaired with respect to, the qualities proper to
the race or kind: a degenerate vine.
8. characterized by or associated with degeneracy: degenerate times.
-n.
11. a person who has declined, as in morals or character, from a type or
standard considered normal.
12. a person or thing that reverts to an earlier stage of culture,
development, or evolution.
13. a sexual deviate.
Too often for a native speaker of Spanish, the literal translation of these
words (for example, "degenerado") allude to sexual deviation (3 and 13).
What do these words really mean in the UB context? Can
degradation/degraded or depravity/ depravation/depraved be synonyms?
In friendship,
Ángel
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